Which type of search does not require individualized suspicion?

Suspicionless searches are designed to occur without the need for individualized suspicion of wrongdoing. This is primarily due to their operation under specific legal frameworks that recognize the necessity of such searches for broader public safety or administrative purposes. For instance, they may apply to certain regulatory situations, such as airport screenings or border searches, where the government has a compelling interest in maintaining security and order.

In contrast, warrant searches, consent searches, and probable cause searches all demand some level of individualized suspicion. Warrant searches require probable cause and approval from a judge, while consent searches specifically rely on obtaining permission from an individual. Similarly, probable cause searches necessitate a belief based on facts or circumstances that a crime has been committed or that evidence of a crime can be found.

Thus, suspicionless searches implement a legal exception aimed at promoting public safety, which distinguishes them from other types of searches that uphold individual rights against unreasonable search and seizure by necessitating some form of suspicion.