Which of the following are necessary conditions for an arrest?

The correct answer consists of several necessary conditions for a lawful arrest: intent, authority, actual seizure, and understanding.

Intent refers to the officer's determination to effect an arrest, indicating that the officer intends to take a person into custody. This intent must be clear at the moment the arrest is made, ensuring that the individual understands they are being arrested.

Authority is crucial, as it signifies that the officer has the legal power to make the arrest. This authority is typically derived from their role as a law enforcement official or specific laws in the jurisdiction.

Actual seizure is an essential condition as it describes the physical act of taking a person into custody. Without this act, there is no arrest; the individual must be restrained in some manner, whether through handcuffs or simply being physically detained by the officer.

Understanding, in this context, relates to the awareness of the person being arrested. They should comprehend that they are being detained and the reasons behind it.

Together, these elements ensure that an arrest is made lawfully and respects the rights of the individual being taken into custody. The absence of any of these elements may render the arrest invalid, potentially leading to legal repercussions for the officer or department.