Which Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures?

The Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution specifically protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures. This amendment establishes the principle that law enforcement must have probable cause and, in most cases, a warrant to conduct a search or seize property. This protection is fundamental to American law, as it helps to ensure privacy and safeguard citizens from arbitrary governmental intrusions.

The context of the Fourth Amendment arises from historical concerns about the abuse of power by authorities, especially in relation to the warrantless searches and seizures that were common under British rule prior to the American Revolution. As such, this amendment reflects the commitment to uphold individual rights against such governmental overreach.

The other amendments listed relate to different rights and protections: the First Amendment protects freedoms concerning religion, expression, assembly, and the right to petition; the Fifth Amendment guarantees rights related to criminal proceedings, such as protection against self-incrimination and double jeopardy; while the Sixth Amendment ensures the right to a fair trial and counsel. Each amendment addresses unique and important aspects of personal freedoms and justice, but it is the Fourth Amendment that is specifically associated with safeguarding against unreasonable searches and seizures.