Which amendment of the U.S. Constitution protects against unreasonable searches and seizures?

The Fourth Amendment is the correct choice because it specifically addresses the issue of unreasonable searches and seizures. It establishes the principle that individuals have a right to privacy in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, and it restricts law enforcement from conducting searches and seizures without a warrant or probable cause. This amendment is a fundamental part of the Bill of Rights and serves to protect citizens from arbitrary actions by the government, ensuring that any search or seizure is justified and lawful.

The other amendments listed do not pertain directly to searches and seizures. The First Amendment focuses on freedom of speech, religion, and the press. The Fifth Amendment addresses the rights of individuals in criminal proceedings, including protection against self-incrimination and double jeopardy. The Sixth Amendment guarantees the right to a fair trial. None of these amendments encompass the specific protections against unreasonable searches and seizures found in the Fourth Amendment.